See soule in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "soule-hele"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "soul"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "saul"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sowel"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sāwol",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English sāwol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sāwol"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English sāwol",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*saiwalu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *saiwalu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*saiwalō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *saiwalō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English sāwol, sāwel, from Proto-West Germanic *saiwalu, from Proto-Germanic *saiwalō. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "soules",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "soulen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "soule",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "saul",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "saule",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "souel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soul",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soull",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soulle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sowel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sowele",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sowle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sowll",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sowyl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sauele",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sawlæ",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sawle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sæule",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sauel",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "saull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "saulle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sawel",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sawele",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sawell",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sawil",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sawle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "zaule",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "soule",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "soulen",
"pl3": "soule",
"pl3_qual": "early"
},
"expansion": "soule (plural soules or soulen or (early) soule)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 21 4 5 7 20 17 5 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Lifeforms",
"orig": "enm:Lifeforms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
196,
202
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
199,
204
]
],
"english": "Say the fifteen Psalms in this way: the first five for yourselves and for all those who act or wish well towards you, the next five for the peace of Holy Church, and the third five for all Christian souls.",
"ref": "c. 1390 [c. 1225], “Furſte dole: ſeruiſe”, in Þe roule of reclous (Ancrene Wisse, Bodleian MS. Eng. poet. a. 1), Worcestershire, folio 372, verso; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:",
"text": "¶ ffıftene pſalm᷒ ſıggeþ. on þis wyſe. ¶ Þe ffurſte fyue. foꝛ ow self⹎ and foꝛ alle. þat ow good doþ. oþer wilneþ. ¶ Þe oþer ffyue⹎ foꝛ þe pees of holy chırche. ¶ Þe þride fyue⹎ foꝛ alle crıstene ſoules",
"translation": "Say the fifteen Psalms in this way: the first five for yourselves and for all those who act or wish well towards you, the next five for the peace of Holy Church, and the third five for all Christian souls.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A soul or spirit; an animating force:",
"The human soul (seen as granting sapience and surviving after death)."
],
"id": "en-soule-enm-noun-4wpsc-JC",
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"animating",
"animate"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"sapience",
"sapience#English"
],
[
"death",
"death#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 21 4 5 7 20 17 5 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Lifeforms",
"orig": "enm:Lifeforms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A soul or spirit; an animating force:",
"The (characteristic) soul of animals or plants."
],
"id": "en-soule-enm-noun-j5NxeSOy",
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"animating",
"animate"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic#English"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Alchemy",
"orig": "enm:Alchemy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A soul or spirit; an animating force:",
"A refined animating substance akin to the soul."
],
"id": "en-soule-enm-noun-Xx4Z-QpT",
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"animating",
"animate"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"alchemy",
"alchemy"
],
[
"refined",
"refined"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A soul or spirit; an animating force:",
"(alchemy) A refined animating substance akin to the soul."
],
"topics": [
"alchemy",
"pseudoscience"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Life, energy; earthly existence."
],
"id": "en-soule-enm-noun-dO1IqcL3",
"links": [
[
"Life",
"life"
],
[
"energy",
"energy"
],
[
"earthly",
"earthly"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Bible",
"orig": "enm:Bible",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "29 0 0 8 52 0 0 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human",
"orig": "enm:Human",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person or human being."
],
"id": "en-soule-enm-noun-vXOBg1Bz",
"links": [
[
"biblical",
"Bible"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"being",
"being"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biblical) A person or human being."
],
"topics": [
"biblical",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 4 4 6 39 14 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mind",
"orig": "enm:Mind",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 21 4 5 7 20 17 5 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Lifeforms",
"orig": "enm:Lifeforms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The mind or heart; one's capacity for thought or emotion."
],
"id": "en-soule-enm-noun-8MX~69Hi",
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"capacity",
"capacity"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
],
[
"emotion",
"emotion"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 21 4 5 7 20 17 5 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Lifeforms",
"orig": "enm:Lifeforms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One's intent or goal; that which one wants."
],
"id": "en-soule-enm-noun-E3gvhOYt",
"links": [
[
"intent",
"intent"
],
[
"goal",
"goal"
],
[
"want",
"want"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔu̯l(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑu̯l(ə)/",
"note": "early or Northern"
}
],
"word": "soule"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "soule",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "food",
"word": "sowel"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sowel (“food”)"
],
"id": "en-soule-enm-noun-0oexaFUU",
"links": [
[
"sowel",
"sowel#Middle_English:_food"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "soule"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "soule",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "staff, stake",
"word": "sowel"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sowel (“staff, stake”)"
],
"id": "en-soule-enm-noun-T10GplZH",
"links": [
[
"sowel",
"sowel#Middle_English:_staff"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "soule"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Human",
"enm:Lifeforms",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:Religion"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "soule-hele"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "soul"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "saul"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sowel"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sāwol",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English sāwol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sāwol"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English sāwol",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*saiwalu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *saiwalu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*saiwalō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *saiwalō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English sāwol, sāwel, from Proto-West Germanic *saiwalu, from Proto-Germanic *saiwalō. The final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "soules",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "soulen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "soule",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "saul",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "saule",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "souel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soul",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soull",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soulle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sowel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sowele",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sowle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sowll",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sowyl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sauele",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sawlæ",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sawle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sæule",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sauel",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "saull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "saulle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sawel",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sawele",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sawell",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sawil",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "sawle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "zaule",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "soule",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "soulen",
"pl3": "soule",
"pl3_qual": "early"
},
"expansion": "soule (plural soules or soulen or (early) soule)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
196,
202
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
199,
204
]
],
"english": "Say the fifteen Psalms in this way: the first five for yourselves and for all those who act or wish well towards you, the next five for the peace of Holy Church, and the third five for all Christian souls.",
"ref": "c. 1390 [c. 1225], “Furſte dole: ſeruiſe”, in Þe roule of reclous (Ancrene Wisse, Bodleian MS. Eng. poet. a. 1), Worcestershire, folio 372, verso; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 10 January 2019:",
"text": "¶ ffıftene pſalm᷒ ſıggeþ. on þis wyſe. ¶ Þe ffurſte fyue. foꝛ ow self⹎ and foꝛ alle. þat ow good doþ. oþer wilneþ. ¶ Þe oþer ffyue⹎ foꝛ þe pees of holy chırche. ¶ Þe þride fyue⹎ foꝛ alle crıstene ſoules",
"translation": "Say the fifteen Psalms in this way: the first five for yourselves and for all those who act or wish well towards you, the next five for the peace of Holy Church, and the third five for all Christian souls.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A soul or spirit; an animating force:",
"The human soul (seen as granting sapience and surviving after death)."
],
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"animating",
"animate"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"sapience",
"sapience#English"
],
[
"death",
"death#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A soul or spirit; an animating force:",
"The (characteristic) soul of animals or plants."
],
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"animating",
"animate"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic#English"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Alchemy"
],
"glosses": [
"A soul or spirit; an animating force:",
"A refined animating substance akin to the soul."
],
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"animating",
"animate"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"alchemy",
"alchemy"
],
[
"refined",
"refined"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A soul or spirit; an animating force:",
"(alchemy) A refined animating substance akin to the soul."
],
"topics": [
"alchemy",
"pseudoscience"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Life, energy; earthly existence."
],
"links": [
[
"Life",
"life"
],
[
"energy",
"energy"
],
[
"earthly",
"earthly"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Bible"
],
"glosses": [
"A person or human being."
],
"links": [
[
"biblical",
"Bible"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"being",
"being"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biblical) A person or human being."
],
"topics": [
"biblical",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The mind or heart; one's capacity for thought or emotion."
],
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"heart",
"heart"
],
[
"capacity",
"capacity"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
],
[
"emotion",
"emotion"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One's intent or goal; that which one wants."
],
"links": [
[
"intent",
"intent"
],
[
"goal",
"goal"
],
[
"want",
"want"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɔu̯l(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑu̯l(ə)/",
"note": "early or Northern"
}
],
"word": "soule"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Human",
"enm:Lifeforms",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:Religion"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "soule",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "food",
"word": "sowel"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sowel (“food”)"
],
"links": [
[
"sowel",
"sowel#Middle_English:_food"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "soule"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Human",
"enm:Lifeforms",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:Religion"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "soule",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "staff, stake",
"word": "sowel"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of sowel (“staff, stake”)"
],
"links": [
[
"sowel",
"sowel#Middle_English:_staff"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "soule"
}
Download raw JSONL data for soule meaning in Middle English (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.